San Marino ( SAN mə-REE-noh, Italian: [sam maˈriːno]; Romagnol: San Maréin or San Maroin), officially the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Republic of San Marino (Italian: Repubblica di San Marino), is the oldest existing representative republic and the European state with the smallest population, apart from Vatican City. It is the larger of the two microstates surrounded by Italy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marino